TP53是抑癌基因，编码蛋白是肿瘤蛋白p53（一种转录因子），其通过诱导下游抗肿瘤反应如DNA修复和凋亡来响应细胞应激（包括DNA损伤和致癌活化），在抑制癌症的发生方面发挥重要的作用。 p53蛋白由N-末端反式激活结构域，中心DNA结合结构域，寡聚化结构域和C-末端调节结构域组成。TP53胚系突变与Li-Fraumeni综合征的发生相关，并且在人类癌症中常发生突变。

TP53 encodes the p53 tumor suppressor protein, a transcription factor that responds to cellular stresses, including DNA damage and oncogenic activation, by inducing downstream anti-tumor responses such as DNA repair and apoptosis. TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancers, and germline mutations occur in the cancer predisposition syndrome Li-Fraumeni. The p53 protein consists of an N-terminal transactivation domain, a central DNA-binding domain, an oligomerization domain and a C-terminal regulatory domain .

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