STK11是抑癌基因，编码丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶11，也称为肝激酶B1（LKB1），是一种肿瘤抑制因子和细胞内激酶，其起肿瘤抑制剂的作用。STK11通过与假激酶STRAD和衔接蛋白MO25形成具有生物活性的异三聚体来激活AMPK（腺嘌呤单磷酸活化蛋白激酶）通路。激活的AMPK对TSC2和Raptor磷酸化，导致mTORC1过度激活。STK11-AMPK信号调节细胞代谢和能量稳态，以及对DNA损伤和营养缺乏的细胞应激反应。STK11基因突变在肺癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、睾丸癌、肝癌、恶性黑色素瘤、胰腺癌和胆道癌中均有发现。STK11胚系突变的与Peutz-Jeghers综合征相关，患胃肠道良性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤以及多种其他癌症类型的风险增加。

STK11, a tumor suppressor and intracellular kinase.STK11 encodes serine/threonine kinase 11, also known as liver kinase B1 (LKB1), that functions as a tumor suppressor. STK11 activates the AMPK (adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) pathway via formation of a biologically active heterotrimer with the pseudokinase, STRAD, and the adaptor protein, MO25. Activated AMPK phosphorylates TSC2 and Raptor, which leads mTORC1 hyperactivation. STK11-AMPK signaling regulates cell metabolism and energy homeostasis, as well as cellular stress responses to DNA damage and nutrient scarcity. In response to the metabolic stress and hypoxic conditions that often exist within tumors, STK11-AMPK signaling is activated, resulting in inhibition of anabolism, induction of cell cycle arrest and ultimately, suppression of tumor growth. Loss of STK11 has been shown to lead to disorganized cell polarity and tumor growth in nutrient poor conditions. Activation of STK11 by ATM under conditions of DNA damage leads to downstream inhibition of the mTOR pathway. Mutations in STK11 have been found in lung, breast, cervical, testicular, and liver cancers, as well as malignant melanoma, and pancreatic and biliary carcinoma. In addition, the hereditary disease Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, in which STK11 mutations were initially discovered, is characterized by an increased risk of developing both benign and malignant gastrointestinal tumors as well as numerous other cancer types.

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