SDHA是抑癌基因，编码蛋白是琥珀酸脱氢酶A（SDHA）是琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）复合物的四种组分之一，并且是线粒体电子传递链中的关键酶。SDHA定位于线粒体内膜，SDHA和其他SDH复合家族成员起肿瘤抑制作用，这些基因的功能丧失突变已证明可稳定缺氧诱导因子（HIF），从而导致促进肿瘤发生的低氧状态。SDH基因的胚系功能缺失性突变（包括SDHA），可导致遗传性副神经节瘤和嗜铬细胞瘤。SDH基因的突变也与胃肠道肿瘤有关。

SDHA (Succinate dehydrogenase A) is one of the four components of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex and is a critical enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. SDHA localizes to the inner membrane of mitochondria and couples the oxidation of succinate to fumarate and transfers electrons directly to the ubiquinone pool. SDHA and other SDH complex family members function as tumor suppressors; loss of function mutations in these genes have been shown to stabilize hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), thus leading to a hypoxic state that promotes tumorigenesis. Mutations in components of the SDH complex lead to accumulation of succinate, which can competitively inhibit the action of alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent histone- and DNA-demethylases in a variety of cancers and lead to a hypermethylator phenotype. Germline loss-of-function mutations in the SDH genes, including SDHA, cause hereditary paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma. Mutations in SDH genes have also been linked to gastrointestinal tumors.

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