MDM2是致癌基因，编码蛋白是一种E3泛素连接酶，负调控p53抑癌蛋白。MDM2-p53相互作用阻断p53的激活结构域，抑制其转录活性。此外，MDM2-p53相互作用会增加蛋白酶体对p53蛋白的降解。MDM2基因的转录直接由p53激活，p53和MDM2的水平在未受胁迫的细胞中维持在较低水平。p53缺失（肿瘤的50%）或MDM2扩增可以使细胞获得致癌潜力。

MDM2, a ubiquitin ligase and p53 inhibitor, is amplified in a diverse range of cancers including well-differentiated liposarcomas.The MDM2 gene encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase that negatively regulates the p53 tumor suppressor protein. The MDM2-p53 interaction blocks the activation domain of p53, inhibiting its transcriptional activity. Additionally, the MDM2-p53 interaction results in increased proteasomal degradation of the p53 protein. Transcription of the MDM2 gene is directly activated by p53, and levels of both p53 and MDM2 are maintained at low levels in unstressed cells. Cells may acquire oncogenic potential from p53 loss (50% of tumors) or MDM2 amplification, which cripple the p53 pathway in tumor cells. Recently, numerous studies targeting the interaction between p53 and MDM2 have resulted in the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at normalizing p53 levels in tumor cells.

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