IGF2是致癌基因，编码蛋白是胰岛素类生长因子2，一种与受体酪氨酸激酶结合以激活下游促有丝分裂信号传导途径的肽激素。IGF2可以与其中一种酪氨酸激酶受（IGF1R和Ir-A等）体结合，来启动一种通过PI3K-AKT和MAPK通路来激活有丝分裂和代谢信号的级联作用。在大多数成人组织中，IGF2被印迹，因此其表达仅限于父本等位基因。在几种肿瘤类型（例如乳腺癌，卵巢癌和肾母细胞瘤）的发展以及肿瘤的进展更具有攻击性（例如乳腺癌，慢性髓性白血病），发现由于印迹的丧失而导致异常的IGF2表达。IGF2的印记失活是Beckwith-Wiedemann综合征的原因，它增加了患儿童肿瘤（如肾母细胞瘤和肝母细胞瘤）的风险。IGF2的过度表达是非胰岛细胞瘤低血糖的重要事件。

IGF2 encodes insulin-like growth factor 2, a peptide hormone which binds to receptor tyrosine kinases to activate downstream mitogenic signaling pathways. IGF2 binds to one of several receptor tyrosine kinases, including IGF1R and Ir-A, to initiate a cascade that activates mitogenic and metabolic signaling via the PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways. In most adult tissues IGF2 is imprinted, and thus its expression is restricted to the paternal allele only . Aberrant IGF2 expression, in many cases due to loss of imprinting, is implicated in the development of several tumor types (e.g. breast, ovarian, and Wilms tumors), as well as the progression of tumors to more aggressive disease (e.g. breast cancer, chronic myeloid leukemia). Loss-of-imprinting of IGF2 is causative for Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, which confers an increased risk of developing childhood tumors such as Wilms’ tumor and hepatoblastoma. Overexpression of IGF2 is also the critical event in non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia.

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