GRAN2A编码蛋白是谷氨酸门控N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体（NMDA）的调节亚基，编码蛋白调节脑中的兴奋性神经传递，在肿瘤细胞死亡、存活和迁移中起重要作用，也称GLUN2A或NR2A。NMDARs受体在大脑中的作用最为人所熟悉，在大脑和脊髓中的神经元中高表达，它们在控制通过受体的阳离子流中起着重要的作用。正常的NMDAR活性可通过PI3K和ERK信号通路促进神经元细胞的存活。研究表明，恶性黑色素瘤中GRIN2A的体细胞突变发生率很高，但目前作用机制或功能尚不清楚。

GRIN2A encodes a subunit of the NMDA glutamate receptor and regulates excitatory neurotransmission in the brain and is frequently found mutated in melanoma.GRIN2A, also known as GluN2A or NR2A, is a regulatory subunit of the glutamate-gated N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), which plays an important role in cell death, survival, and migration in cancer cells. NMDARs are best known for their roles in the brain, and high expression is found in neurons in the brain and the spinal cord where they play an important role in controlling cation flow through the receptor. Normal NMDAR activity can promote cell survival in neurons through the PI3K and ERK signaling pathways. Studies have shown a high prevalence of somatic mutations in GRIN2A in malignant melanoma, although the mechanism or function of these mutations is still unknown.

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