FOXL2
小结
FOXL2属于人Forkhead-box (FOX)基因家族，编码影响胚胎发育的转录因子。FOXL2编码在卵巢颗粒细胞中强烈表达的核蛋白FOXL2，对卵巢的发育和功能至关重要，在脑垂体和眼周区也有表达。FOXL2通过与其他转录因子和肿瘤抑制因子相互作用，来调控细胞凋亡、细胞周期进程和细胞粘附等多种细胞过程。作为一种潜在的肿瘤抑制因子，已被证明能抑制宫颈鳞癌细胞的增殖和侵袭，同时促进细胞凋亡。在大多数的青少年卵巢颗粒细胞瘤中还发现了FOXL2的表达量降低；该基因的C134W突变已在成人颗粒细胞瘤中被检测到。
FOXL2 is a member of the Forkhead domain containing (FKHD) family of transcription factors. FOXL2 contains a DNA binding domain allowing the protein to bind DNA and subsequently regulate gene expression and mediate the recruitment of other transcription factors. Expression of FOXL2 is the highest in ovarian granulosa cells and is essential for granulosa cell differentiation and ovarian development; FOXL2 is also expressed in the pituitary gland and periocular region. Through interaction with other transcription factors and tumor suppressors, FOXL2 regulates several cell processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle progression and cell adhesion. In addition, FOXL2 has a role in the suppression of SOX9 expression during testes formation. As a potential tumor suppressor, FOXL2 has been shown to inhibit cervical squamous cancer cell proliferation and invasion, while promoting apoptosis. Reduced expression of FOXL2 has also been noted in a majority of juvenile ovarian granulosa cell tumors and somatic FOXL2 alterations have been associated with adult granulosa cell tumors.