FOXA1
小结
FOXA1是一个包含FKHD转录因子家族的叉头结构域的成员。FOXA1通常在多种组织类型中表达，包括肺、肝、胰腺、结肠、膀胱、前列腺和乳腺。FOXA1的表达是正常前列腺发育成熟、前列腺特异性基因表达和细胞分化所必需的，通过其与AR的直接相互作用和AR信号的调节。小鼠前列腺中FOXA1的管腔特异性缺失导致上皮细胞高增殖率和基底细胞标志物表达增加，提示FOXA1可能在促进和维持上皮细胞分化中起作用。正常乳腺导管形态发生和ERα表达也需要FOXA1。FOXA1已成为激素依赖性癌症（包括原发性和转移性去势抵抗前列腺癌（CRPC）和乳腺癌）中最常见的反复突变基因之一。FOXA1在尿路上皮性膀胱癌中也经常发生突变，并在许多其他类型的肿瘤中扩增。
FOXA1 is a member of the Forkhead domain containing (FKHD) family of transcription factors.FOXA1 is normally expressed in a number of tissue types, including lung, liver, pancreas, colon, bladder, prostate and breast. Expression of FOXA1 is required for normal prostate development and maturation, prostate specific gene expression and cellular differentiation through its direct interaction with AR and modulation of AR signaling. Luminal-specific deletion of FOXA1 in the mouse prostate results in high rates of epithelial cell proliferation and increased expression of basal cell markers, indicating that FOXA1 may play a role in promoting and maintaining epithelial cell differentiation. FOXA1 is also required for normal mammary ductal morphogenesis and expression of ERα. FOXA1 has emerged as one of the most frequent recurrently mutated genes in hormone-dependent cancers including primary and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and breast cancer. FOXA1 is also frequently mutated in urothelial bladder carcinoma and amplified in a number of other tumor types.