CCND1是致癌基因，编码蛋白（cyclin D1）为细胞周期蛋白D1是细胞周期的调节因子，其通过激活细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4（CDK4）和CDK6将细胞外生长信号传导到细胞周期。细胞周期蛋白D1的功能包括控制细胞生长，增殖，转录，DNA修复和迁移。细胞周期蛋白D1经常在许多癌症中过表达或扩增，包括乳腺癌，肺癌，头颈癌，黑素瘤，膀胱癌和口腔鳞状细胞癌。细胞周期蛋白D1对于进入细胞周期进程不是必需的，然而，其在人类肿瘤中的扩增/过表达是致癌的，因为它允许癌细胞独立于细胞外生长信号提示而增殖。

CCND1 (cyclin D1) is a protein that couples extracellular growth signaling to cell cycle entry through the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6. Upon forming a complex with cyclin D1, CDK4 and CDK6 phosphorylate and inactivate retinoblastoma (RB), thus leading to the induction of a gene expression program regulated by the E2F family of transcription factors that is important in the transition from G1 to S phase in the cell cycle. Functions of cyclin D1 include control of cell growth, proliferation, transcription, DNA repair, and migration. Cyclin D1 is an oncogene, and is often overexpressed or amplified in numerous cancers, including breast, lung, melanoma, and oral squamous cell carcinomas. Cyclin D1 is not essential for entry into cell cycle progression, however, its amplification/overexpression in human tumors is oncogenic as it allows cancer cells to proliferate independently of extracellular growth signaling cues.

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