AXIN1是抑癌基因，编码一种支架蛋白，是β-连环蛋白破坏复合物组成部分。在复合体中，AXIN1和AXIN2为抑癌基因APC、激酶GSK3和β-连环蛋白提供骨架，对细胞膜中上无WNT配体结合的β-连环蛋白进行讲解。在接收到WNT胞外刺激后，AXIN蛋白会与受体LRP5和LRP6相互作用以促进GSK3募集到细胞膜上，这导致WNT信号的激活以及使β-连环蛋白靶向到细胞核以调节转录。WNT信号的激活部分由AXIN蛋白介导，并且可以激活很多与癌症相关的通路，包括细胞增殖、细胞周期进展、凋亡和干细胞命运决策。AXIN1的胚系突变与胃肠道癌症有关。AXIN1的体细胞截短突变与肝细胞癌和肝母细胞瘤相关。

AXIN1 is a scaffolding protein that is a component of the beta-catenin destruction complex. In this complex, AXIN1 and AXIN2 provide scaffolding for the tumor suppressor APC, the kinase GSK3, and beta-catenin, enabling beta-catenin degradation in the absence of WNT ligand binding at the plasma membrane. AXIN proteins interact with the receptors LRP5 and LRP6 to facilitate GSK3 recruitment to the plasma membrane following WNT extracellular stimulation, leading to activation of WNT signaling and targeting of beta-catenin to the nucleus to regulate transcription. The activation of WNT signaling, mediated in part by AXIN proteins, can activate many pathways relevant to cancer including cellular proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and stem cell fate decisions. Germline mutations in AXIN1 have been associated with gastrointestinal cancers. Truncating somatic mutations in AXIN1 have been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastomas, suggesting that AXIN1 functions as a putative tumor suppressor gene.

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