AMER1
小结
AMER1是WNT信号通路中的抑癌基因，编码一种APC膜招募蛋白，调节APC肿瘤抑制因子的细胞定位进而调节依赖APC的细胞形态的形成、细胞迁移、细胞粘附。AMER1还充当WNT/β-连环蛋白信号传导的负调节物。Amer1充当支架蛋白与β-连环蛋白相互作用并将其募集至质膜并与其他成员组成复合物进而促进β-连环蛋白降解。约5-10％的Wilms肿瘤会检测到AMER1的突变，大约7-10％的结直肠癌中发现AMER1的错义和截短突变。相关数据也证明了AMER1作为抑癌基因若功能丧失会导致WNT/β-连环蛋白信号传导的激活，进而促进癌症的发生。
The AMER1 (APC membrane recruitment 1) protein was first identified as an APC-binding protein that regulates the cellular localization of the APC tumor suppressor, thereby regulating APC-dependent cellular morphogenesis, cell migration and cell-cell adhesion. AMER1 also functions as a negative regulator of WNT/β-catenin signaling. In this capacity, AMER1 acts as a scaffold protein by assembling β-catenin and members of the destruction complex at the plasma membrane, which is necessary for β-catenin degradation. The AMER1 gene is mutated in approximately 5-10% of Wilms tumors, a pediatric kidney cancer. Missense and truncating AMER1 mutations are found in approximately 7-10% of colorectal cancers and correlate with reduced WNT signaling. This data is consistent with AMER1 functioning as a tumor suppressor, as loss of AMER1 results in activation of WNT/ β-catenin signaling.